Mechanisms underlying abnormalities of immune activation/coagulation in HIV infection

Mechanisms underlying abnormalities of immune activation/coagulation in HIV infection

Immune activation has been recognized as an important component of the pathogenesis of HIV infection since the first recognition of cases of AIDS in the early 1980s. Early in the AIDS epidemic, patients with HIV infection were noted to have elevated levels of serum immunoglobulins. CD38 expression on CD4+ T cells was shown to be an independent predictor of survival in 1999. The characterization...

HIV Infection and Bone Abnormalities

More than 36 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide and 50% of them have access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). While recent advances in HIV therapy have reduced the viral load, restored CD4 T cell counts and decreased opportunistic infections, several bone-related abnormalities such as low bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, osteopenia, ost...

Editorial: Immune Mechanisms Underlying the Increased Morbidity and Mortality of HIV-Exposed Uninfected (HEU) Children

Immune Issues and Mechanisms in Cancer

The immunologic defense mechanism is well demon­trated in neoplasia of animals and human. Spontaneous regression of many human tumors such as malignant melanomas, 1vmphosarcomas, neuroblastomas choriocar­cinomas, adenocarcinomas and leukemias is due to the defense mechanism of lymphoretrcular system. The discovery of carcinoembrvonicantigen in carcinoma of gastrointestinal tract and the alpha-f...

Immunopathogenic mechanisms of HIV infection.

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) follows infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after a long and variable period of time. Although HIV can be rapidly cytopathic in vitro for T4 cells, during early in vivo infection, T4 cell numbers are normal and few infected T4 cells can be found. There is increasing evidence that cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage, including ...